Debian Docker 安装
本文最后更新于 2024-12-06，文章内容可能已经过时。
1. 更新软件包
首先，更新现有的软件包和包缓存：
root@debian:~# sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm InRelease
Hit:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security bookworm-security InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm-updates InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
43 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (main/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (contrib/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (contrib/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (contrib/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (contrib/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (contrib/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free-firmware/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free-firmware/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free-firmware/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free-firmware/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free-firmware/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Skipping acquire of configured file 'multiverse/binary-amd64/Packages' as repository 'http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm InRelease' doesn't have the component 'multiverse' (component misspelt in sources.list?)
W: Skipping acquire of configured file 'multiverse/i18n/Translation-zh_CN' as repository 'http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm InRelease' doesn't have the component 'multiverse' (component misspelt in sources.list?)
W: Skipping acquire of configured file 'multiverse/i18n/Translation-en' as repository 'http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm InRelease' doesn't have the component 'multiverse' (component misspelt in sources.list?)
W: Skipping acquire of configured file 'multiverse/i18n/Translation-zh' as repository 'http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm InRelease' doesn't have the component 'multiverse' (component misspelt in sources.list?)
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (main/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (contrib/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (contrib/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (contrib/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (contrib/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (contrib/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free-firmware/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Packages (non-free-firmware/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free-firmware/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free-firmware/i18n/Translation-zh) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
W: Target Translations (non-free-firmware/i18n/Translation-zh_CN) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:1 and /etc/apt/sources.list:9
root@debian:~#
root@debian:~# sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64
The following packages will be upgraded:
base-files bsdextrautils bsdutils distro-info-data eject fdisk intel-microcode iputils-ping libblkid1 libc-bin libc-l10n libc6 libcurl3-gnutls libexpat1 libfdisk1 libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-data
libmount1 libnghttp2-14 libnss-systemd libpam-systemd libpython3.11-minimal libpython3.11-stdlib libsmartcols1 libsqlite3-0 libssl3 libsystemd-shared libsystemd0 libudev1 libuuid1
linux-image-amd64 locales mount openssl python3.11 python3.11-minimal systemd systemd-sysv systemd-timesyncd tzdata udev util-linux util-linux-extra
43 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 107 MB of archives.
After this operation, 408 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 base-files amd64 12.4+deb12u8 [70.9 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 bsdutils amd64 1:2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [94.5 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libc6 amd64 2.36-9+deb12u9 [2757 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libsmartcols1 amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [107 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 util-linux-extra amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [111 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 util-linux amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [1176 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libc-bin amd64 2.36-9+deb12u9 [608 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 mount amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [134 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnss-systemd amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [163 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libblkid1 amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [147 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libmount1 amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [165 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libssl3 amd64 3.0.15-1~deb12u1 [2025 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 systemd-timesyncd amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [63.6 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libpam-systemd amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [225 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 systemd amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [3036 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libsystemd-shared amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [1693 kB]
Get:17 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 systemd-sysv amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [42.5 kB]
Get:18 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libuuid1 amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [28.7 kB]
Get:19 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libfdisk1 amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [193 kB]
Get:20 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libsystemd0 amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [332 kB]
Get:21 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3.11 amd64 3.11.2-6+deb12u4 [573 kB]
Get:22 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libpython3.11-stdlib amd64 3.11.2-6+deb12u4 [1797 kB]
Get:23 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3.11-minimal amd64 3.11.2-6+deb12u4 [2066 kB]
Get:24 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libpython3.11-minimal amd64 3.11.2-6+deb12u4 [815 kB]
Get:25 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libsqlite3-0 amd64 3.40.1-2+deb12u1 [839 kB]
Get:26 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libexpat1 amd64 2.5.0-1+deb12u1 [98.9 kB]
Get:27 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 udev amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [1688 kB]
Get:28 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libudev1 amd64 252.31-1~deb12u1 [109 kB]
Get:29 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm-updates/main amd64 tzdata all 2024b-0+deb12u1 [298 kB]
Get:30 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 fdisk amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [141 kB]
Get:31 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 iputils-ping amd64 3:20221126-1+deb12u1 [47.2 kB]
Get:32 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/non-free-firmware amd64 intel-microcode amd64 3.20240910.1~deb12u1 [6998 kB]
Get:33 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libc-l10n all 2.36-9+deb12u9 [677 kB]
Get:34 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 locales all 2.36-9+deb12u9 [3904 kB]
Get:35 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 bsdextrautils amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [86.8 kB]
Get:36 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 distro-info-data all 0.58+deb12u3 [6272 B]
Get:37 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 eject amd64 2.38.1-5+deb12u2 [48.0 kB]
Get:38 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnghttp2-14 amd64 1.52.0-1+deb12u2 [73.0 kB]
Get:39 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libcurl3-gnutls amd64 7.88.1-10+deb12u8 [385 kB]
Get:40 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libglib2.0-0 amd64 2.74.6-2+deb12u4 [1400 kB]
Get:41 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libglib2.0-data all 2.74.6-2+deb12u4 [1209 kB]
Get:42 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64 amd64 6.1.119-1 [69.0 MB]
Ign:42 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64 amd64 6.1.119-1
Get:43 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 linux-image-amd64 amd64 6.1.119-1 [1476 B]
Get:44 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 openssl amd64 3.0.15-1~deb12u1 [1427 kB]
Get:42 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64 amd64 6.1.119-1 [69.0 MB]
Fetched 90.8 MB in 1min 2s (1467 kB/s)
Reading changelogs... Done
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../base-files_12.4+deb12u8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking base-files (12.4+deb12u8) over (12.4+deb12u7) ...
Setting up base-files (12.4+deb12u8) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/debian_version ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../bsdutils_1%3a2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking bsdutils (1:2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (1:2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up bsdutils (1:2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc6_2.36-9+deb12u9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc6:amd64 (2.36-9+deb12u9) over (2.36-9+deb12u8) ...
Setting up libc6:amd64 (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libsmartcols1_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libsmartcols1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up libsmartcols1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../util-linux-extra_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking util-linux-extra (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up util-linux-extra (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../util-linux_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking util-linux (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up util-linux (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
fstrim.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc-bin_2.36-9+deb12u9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u9) over (2.36-9+deb12u8) ...
Setting up libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../mount_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mount (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libnss-systemd_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnss-systemd:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libblkid1_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libblkid1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up libblkid1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libmount1_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmount1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up libmount1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libssl3_3.0.15-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libssl3:amd64 (3.0.15-1~deb12u1) over (3.0.14-1~deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../systemd-timesyncd_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking systemd-timesyncd (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libpam-systemd_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpam-systemd:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Setting up libssl3:amd64 (3.0.15-1~deb12u1) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../systemd_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking systemd (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libsystemd-shared_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libsystemd-shared:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libsystemd0_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libsystemd0:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Setting up libsystemd0:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libsystemd-shared:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up mount (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
Setting up systemd (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../systemd-sysv_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking systemd-sysv (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libuuid1_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libuuid1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Setting up libuuid1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-libfdisk1_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libfdisk1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../1-python3.11_3.11.2-6+deb12u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3.11 (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) over (3.11.2-6+deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../2-libpython3.11-stdlib_3.11.2-6+deb12u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpython3.11-stdlib:amd64 (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) over (3.11.2-6+deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../3-python3.11-minimal_3.11.2-6+deb12u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3.11-minimal (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) over (3.11.2-6+deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../4-libpython3.11-minimal_3.11.2-6+deb12u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpython3.11-minimal:amd64 (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) over (3.11.2-6+deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../5-libsqlite3-0_3.40.1-2+deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libsqlite3-0:amd64 (3.40.1-2+deb12u1) over (3.40.1-2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../6-libexpat1_2.5.0-1+deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libexpat1:amd64 (2.5.0-1+deb12u1) over (2.5.0-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../7-udev_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking udev (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../8-libudev1_252.31-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libudev1:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) over (252.30-1~deb12u2) ...
Setting up libudev1:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
(Reading database ... 30192 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-tzdata_2024b-0+deb12u1_all.deb ...
Unpacking tzdata (2024b-0+deb12u1) over (2024a-0+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../01-fdisk_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking fdisk (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../02-iputils-ping_3%3a20221126-1+deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking iputils-ping (3:20221126-1+deb12u1) over (3:20221126-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../03-intel-microcode_3.20240910.1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking intel-microcode (3.20240910.1~deb12u1) over (3.20240813.1~deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../04-libc-l10n_2.36-9+deb12u9_all.deb ...
Unpacking libc-l10n (2.36-9+deb12u9) over (2.36-9+deb12u8) ...
Preparing to unpack .../05-locales_2.36-9+deb12u9_all.deb ...
Unpacking locales (2.36-9+deb12u9) over (2.36-9+deb12u8) ...
Preparing to unpack .../06-bsdextrautils_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking bsdextrautils (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../07-distro-info-data_0.58+deb12u3_all.deb ...
Unpacking distro-info-data (0.58+deb12u3) over (0.58+deb12u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../08-eject_2.38.1-5+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking eject (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../09-libnghttp2-14_1.52.0-1+deb12u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnghttp2-14:amd64 (1.52.0-1+deb12u2) over (1.52.0-1+deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../10-libcurl3-gnutls_7.88.1-10+deb12u8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcurl3-gnutls:amd64 (7.88.1-10+deb12u8) over (7.88.1-10+deb12u7) ...
Preparing to unpack .../11-libglib2.0-0_2.74.6-2+deb12u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.74.6-2+deb12u4) over (2.74.6-2+deb12u3) ...
Preparing to unpack .../12-libglib2.0-data_2.74.6-2+deb12u4_all.deb ...
Unpacking libglib2.0-data (2.74.6-2+deb12u4) over (2.74.6-2+deb12u3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../13-linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64_6.1.119-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64 (6.1.119-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../14-linux-image-amd64_6.1.119-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-amd64 (6.1.119-1) over (6.1.106-3) ...
Preparing to unpack .../15-openssl_3.0.15-1~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking openssl (3.0.15-1~deb12u1) over (3.0.14-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libexpat1:amd64 (2.5.0-1+deb12u1) ...
Setting up systemd-sysv (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libc-l10n (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
Setting up bsdextrautils (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
Setting up libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.74.6-2+deb12u4) ...
No schema files found: doing nothing.
Setting up distro-info-data (0.58+deb12u3) ...
Setting up intel-microcode (3.20240910.1~deb12u1) ...
intel-microcode: microcode will be updated at next boot
Setting up libsqlite3-0:amd64 (3.40.1-2+deb12u1) ...
Setting up libnghttp2-14:amd64 (1.52.0-1+deb12u2) ...
Setting up libnss-systemd:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libcurl3-gnutls:amd64 (7.88.1-10+deb12u8) ...
Setting up locales (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
Generating locales (this might take a while)...
zh_CN.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
Setting up tzdata (2024b-0+deb12u1) ...
Current default time zone: 'Asia/Shanghai'
Local time is now: Fri Dec 6 17:27:02 CST 2024.
Universal Time is now: Fri Dec 6 09:27:02 UTC 2024.
Run 'dpkg-reconfigure tzdata' if you wish to change it.
Setting up eject (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
Setting up libglib2.0-data (2.74.6-2+deb12u4) ...
Setting up systemd-timesyncd (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up udev (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libfdisk1:amd64 (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
Setting up libpam-systemd:amd64 (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libpython3.11-minimal:amd64 (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) ...
Setting up openssl (3.0.15-1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up linux-image-6.1.0-28-amd64 (6.1.119-1) ...
I: /vmlinuz is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-28-amd64
I: /initrd.img is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-28-amd64
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-28-amd64
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub:
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-28-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-28-amd64
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-25-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-25-amd64
Warning: os-prober will not be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Systems on them will not be added to the GRUB boot configuration.
Check GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER documentation entry.
done
Setting up iputils-ping (3:20221126-1+deb12u1) ...
Setting up python3.11-minimal (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) ...
Setting up libpython3.11-stdlib:amd64 (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) ...
Setting up linux-image-amd64 (6.1.119-1) ...
Setting up fdisk (2.38.1-5+deb12u2) ...
Setting up python3.11 (3.11.2-6+deb12u4) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (252.31-1~deb12u1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.14.10-1~deb12u1) ...
Processing triggers for mailcap (3.70+nmu1) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.142+deb12u1) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-28-amd64
root@debian:~#
2. 安装依赖包
安装一些需要的依赖包，这些包允许 apt 使用 HTTPS 协议来访问 Docker 仓库：
root@debian:~# sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20230311).
The following additional packages will be installed:
appstream dirmngr gir1.2-glib-2.0 gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 gnupg gnupg-l10n gnupg-utils gpg gpg-agent gpg-wks-client gpg-wks-server gpgconf gpgsm libappstream4 libassuan0 libcurl4
libduktape207 libdw1 libgirepository-1.0-1 libglib2.0-bin libgstreamer1.0-0 libksba8 libnpth0 libpackagekit-glib2-18 libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libstemmer0d libunwind8 libxmlb2
libyaml-0-2 packagekit packagekit-tools pinentry-curses polkitd python3-blinker python3-cffi-backend python3-cryptography python3-dbus python3-distro python3-gi python3-jwt
python3-lazr.restfulclient python3-lazr.uri python3-oauthlib python3-software-properties python3-wadllib sgml-base xml-core
Suggested packages:
apt-config-icons pinentry-gnome3 tor parcimonie xloadimage scdaemon gstreamer1.0-tools pinentry-doc polkitd-pkla python-blinker-doc python-cryptography-doc python3-cryptography-vectors
python-dbus-doc python3-crypto sgml-base-doc debhelper
The following NEW packages will be installed:
appstream apt-transport-https curl dirmngr gir1.2-glib-2.0 gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 gnupg gnupg-l10n gnupg-utils gpg gpg-agent gpg-wks-client gpg-wks-server gpgconf gpgsm libappstream4
libassuan0 libcurl4 libduktape207 libdw1 libgirepository-1.0-1 libglib2.0-bin libgstreamer1.0-0 libksba8 libnpth0 libpackagekit-glib2-18 libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libstemmer0d
libunwind8 libxmlb2 libyaml-0-2 packagekit packagekit-tools pinentry-curses polkitd python3-blinker python3-cffi-backend python3-cryptography python3-dbus python3-distro python3-gi
python3-jwt python3-lazr.restfulclient python3-lazr.uri python3-oauthlib python3-software-properties python3-wadllib sgml-base software-properties-common xml-core
0 upgraded, 51 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 13.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 40.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 sgml-base all 1.31 [15.4 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libstemmer0d amd64 2.2.0-2 [118 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libxmlb2 amd64 0.3.10-2 [60.2 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libyaml-0-2 amd64 0.2.5-1 [53.6 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libappstream4 amd64 0.16.1-2 [199 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 appstream amd64 0.16.1-2 [407 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 apt-transport-https all 2.6.1 [25.2 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libcurl4 amd64 7.88.1-10+deb12u8 [390 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 curl amd64 7.88.1-10+deb12u8 [315 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libassuan0 amd64 2.5.5-5 [48.5 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gpgconf amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [564 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libksba8 amd64 1.6.3-2 [128 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnpth0 amd64 1.6-3 [19.0 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 dirmngr amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [792 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libgirepository-1.0-1 amd64 1.74.0-3 [101 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gir1.2-glib-2.0 amd64 1.74.0-3 [159 kB]
Get:17 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libpackagekit-glib2-18 amd64 1.2.6-5 [113 kB]
Get:18 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 amd64 1.2.6-5 [25.9 kB]
Get:19 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gnupg-l10n all 2.2.40-1.1 [1093 kB]
Get:20 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gnupg-utils amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [927 kB]
Get:21 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gpg amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [949 kB]
Get:22 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 pinentry-curses amd64 1.2.1-1 [77.4 kB]
Get:23 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gpg-agent amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [695 kB]
Get:24 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gpg-wks-client amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [541 kB]
Get:25 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gpg-wks-server amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [531 kB]
Get:26 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gpgsm amd64 2.2.40-1.1 [671 kB]
Get:27 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 gnupg all 2.2.40-1.1 [846 kB]
Get:28 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libduktape207 amd64 2.7.0-2 [134 kB]
Get:29 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libdw1 amd64 0.188-2.1 [235 kB]
Get:30 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libglib2.0-bin amd64 2.74.6-2+deb12u4 [111 kB]
Get:31 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libunwind8 amd64 1.6.2-3 [51.2 kB]
Get:32 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libgstreamer1.0-0 amd64 1.22.0-2 [1169 kB]
Get:33 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libpolkit-gobject-1-0 amd64 122-3 [43.9 kB]
Get:34 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libpolkit-agent-1-0 amd64 122-3 [24.4 kB]
Get:35 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 xml-core all 0.18+nmu1 [23.8 kB]
Get:36 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 polkitd amd64 122-3 [112 kB]
Get:37 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 packagekit amd64 1.2.6-5 [610 kB]
Get:38 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 packagekit-tools amd64 1.2.6-5 [30.9 kB]
Get:39 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-blinker all 1.5-1 [14.7 kB]
Get:40 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-cffi-backend amd64 1.15.1-5+b1 [84.6 kB]
Get:41 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-cryptography amd64 38.0.4-3+deb12u1 [665 kB]
Get:42 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-dbus amd64 1.3.2-4+b1 [95.1 kB]
Get:43 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-distro all 1.8.0-1 [20.5 kB]
Get:44 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-gi amd64 3.42.2-3+b1 [219 kB]
Get:45 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-jwt all 2.6.0-1 [26.6 kB]
Get:46 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-lazr.uri all 1.0.6-3 [13.7 kB]
Get:47 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-wadllib all 1.3.6-4 [37.2 kB]
Get:48 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-oauthlib all 3.2.2-1 [95.4 kB]
Get:49 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-lazr.restfulclient all 0.14.5-1 [50.4 kB]
Get:50 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 python3-software-properties all 0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1 [32.9 kB]
Get:51 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 software-properties-common all 0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1 [62.1 kB]
Fetched 13.8 MB in 7s (1937 kB/s)
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
Selecting previously unselected package sgml-base.
(Reading database ... 35124 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-sgml-base_1.31_all.deb ...
Unpacking sgml-base (1.31) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libstemmer0d:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../01-libstemmer0d_2.2.0-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libstemmer0d:amd64 (2.2.0-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libxmlb2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../02-libxmlb2_0.3.10-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libxmlb2:amd64 (0.3.10-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libyaml-0-2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../03-libyaml-0-2_0.2.5-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.2.5-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libappstream4:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../04-libappstream4_0.16.1-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libappstream4:amd64 (0.16.1-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package appstream.
Preparing to unpack .../05-appstream_0.16.1-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking appstream (0.16.1-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
Preparing to unpack .../06-apt-transport-https_2.6.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking apt-transport-https (2.6.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcurl4:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../07-libcurl4_7.88.1-10+deb12u8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcurl4:amd64 (7.88.1-10+deb12u8) ...
Selecting previously unselected package curl.
Preparing to unpack .../08-curl_7.88.1-10+deb12u8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking curl (7.88.1-10+deb12u8) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libassuan0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../09-libassuan0_2.5.5-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libassuan0:amd64 (2.5.5-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gpgconf.
Preparing to unpack .../10-gpgconf_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gpgconf (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libksba8:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../11-libksba8_1.6.3-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libksba8:amd64 (1.6.3-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libnpth0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../12-libnpth0_1.6-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnpth0:amd64 (1.6-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package dirmngr.
Preparing to unpack .../13-dirmngr_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking dirmngr (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgirepository-1.0-1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../14-libgirepository-1.0-1_1.74.0-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgirepository-1.0-1:amd64 (1.74.0-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gir1.2-glib-2.0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../15-gir1.2-glib-2.0_1.74.0-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gir1.2-glib-2.0:amd64 (1.74.0-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpackagekit-glib2-18:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../16-libpackagekit-glib2-18_1.2.6-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpackagekit-glib2-18:amd64 (1.2.6-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0.
Preparing to unpack .../17-gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0_1.2.6-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 (1.2.6-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gnupg-l10n.
Preparing to unpack .../18-gnupg-l10n_2.2.40-1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking gnupg-l10n (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gnupg-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../19-gnupg-utils_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gnupg-utils (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gpg.
Preparing to unpack .../20-gpg_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gpg (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package pinentry-curses.
Preparing to unpack .../21-pinentry-curses_1.2.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking pinentry-curses (1.2.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gpg-agent.
Preparing to unpack .../22-gpg-agent_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gpg-agent (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gpg-wks-client.
Preparing to unpack .../23-gpg-wks-client_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gpg-wks-client (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gpg-wks-server.
Preparing to unpack .../24-gpg-wks-server_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gpg-wks-server (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gpgsm.
Preparing to unpack .../25-gpgsm_2.2.40-1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gpgsm (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gnupg.
Preparing to unpack .../26-gnupg_2.2.40-1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking gnupg (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libduktape207:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../27-libduktape207_2.7.0-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libduktape207:amd64 (2.7.0-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libdw1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../28-libdw1_0.188-2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libdw1:amd64 (0.188-2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libglib2.0-bin.
Preparing to unpack .../29-libglib2.0-bin_2.74.6-2+deb12u4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libglib2.0-bin (2.74.6-2+deb12u4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libunwind8:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../30-libunwind8_1.6.2-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libunwind8:amd64 (1.6.2-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgstreamer1.0-0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../31-libgstreamer1.0-0_1.22.0-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgstreamer1.0-0:amd64 (1.22.0-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpolkit-gobject-1-0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../32-libpolkit-gobject-1-0_122-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpolkit-gobject-1-0:amd64 (122-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpolkit-agent-1-0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../33-libpolkit-agent-1-0_122-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpolkit-agent-1-0:amd64 (122-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package xml-core.
Preparing to unpack .../34-xml-core_0.18+nmu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking xml-core (0.18+nmu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package polkitd.
Preparing to unpack .../35-polkitd_122-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking polkitd (122-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package packagekit.
Preparing to unpack .../36-packagekit_1.2.6-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking packagekit (1.2.6-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package packagekit-tools.
Preparing to unpack .../37-packagekit-tools_1.2.6-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking packagekit-tools (1.2.6-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-blinker.
Preparing to unpack .../38-python3-blinker_1.5-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-blinker (1.5-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-cffi-backend:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../39-python3-cffi-backend_1.15.1-5+b1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3-cffi-backend:amd64 (1.15.1-5+b1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-cryptography.
Preparing to unpack .../40-python3-cryptography_38.0.4-3+deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3-cryptography (38.0.4-3+deb12u1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-dbus.
Preparing to unpack .../41-python3-dbus_1.3.2-4+b1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3-dbus (1.3.2-4+b1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-distro.
Preparing to unpack .../42-python3-distro_1.8.0-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-distro (1.8.0-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-gi.
Preparing to unpack .../43-python3-gi_3.42.2-3+b1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3-gi (3.42.2-3+b1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-jwt.
Preparing to unpack .../44-python3-jwt_2.6.0-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-jwt (2.6.0-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-lazr.uri.
Preparing to unpack .../45-python3-lazr.uri_1.0.6-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-lazr.uri (1.0.6-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-wadllib.
Preparing to unpack .../46-python3-wadllib_1.3.6-4_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-wadllib (1.3.6-4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-oauthlib.
Preparing to unpack .../47-python3-oauthlib_3.2.2-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-oauthlib (3.2.2-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-lazr.restfulclient.
Preparing to unpack .../48-python3-lazr.restfulclient_0.14.5-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-lazr.restfulclient (0.14.5-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-software-properties.
Preparing to unpack .../49-python3-software-properties_0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-software-properties (0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package software-properties-common.
Preparing to unpack .../50-software-properties-common_0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1_all.deb ...
Unpacking software-properties-common (0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1) ...
Setting up libksba8:amd64 (1.6.3-2) ...
Setting up libdw1:amd64 (0.188-2.1) ...
Setting up python3-dbus (1.3.2-4+b1) ...
Setting up python3-distro (1.8.0-1) ...
Setting up apt-transport-https (2.6.1) ...
Setting up python3-jwt (2.6.0-1) ...
Setting up libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.2.5-1) ...
Setting up libxmlb2:amd64 (0.3.10-2) ...
Setting up libglib2.0-bin (2.74.6-2+deb12u4) ...
Setting up libpackagekit-glib2-18:amd64 (1.2.6-5) ...
Setting up libnpth0:amd64 (1.6-3) ...
Setting up python3-lazr.uri (1.0.6-3) ...
Setting up libassuan0:amd64 (2.5.5-5) ...
Setting up libunwind8:amd64 (1.6.2-3) ...
Setting up gnupg-l10n (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up python3-wadllib (1.3.6-4) ...
Setting up libduktape207:amd64 (2.7.0-2) ...
Setting up gpgconf (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up libcurl4:amd64 (7.88.1-10+deb12u8) ...
Setting up libgirepository-1.0-1:amd64 (1.74.0-3) ...
Setting up sgml-base (1.31) ...
Setting up curl (7.88.1-10+deb12u8) ...
Setting up libstemmer0d:amd64 (2.2.0-2) ...
Setting up gpg (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up libpolkit-gobject-1-0:amd64 (122-3) ...
Setting up libgstreamer1.0-0:amd64 (1.22.0-2) ...
Setcap worked! gst-ptp-helper is not suid!
Setting up python3-cffi-backend:amd64 (1.15.1-5+b1) ...
Setting up gnupg-utils (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up python3-blinker (1.5-1) ...
Setting up pinentry-curses (1.2.1-1) ...
Setting up gpg-agent (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/gpg-agent-browser.socket -> /usr/lib/systemd/user/gpg-agent-browser.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/gpg-agent-extra.socket -> /usr/lib/systemd/user/gpg-agent-extra.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/gpg-agent-ssh.socket -> /usr/lib/systemd/user/gpg-agent-ssh.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/gpg-agent.socket -> /usr/lib/systemd/user/gpg-agent.socket.
Setting up gpgsm (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up libappstream4:amd64 (0.16.1-2) ...
Setting up dirmngr (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/dirmngr.socket -> /usr/lib/systemd/user/dirmngr.socket.
Setting up appstream (0.16.1-2) ...
? Metadata cache was updated successfully.
Setting up python3-cryptography (38.0.4-3+deb12u1) ...
Setting up gir1.2-glib-2.0:amd64 (1.74.0-3) ...
Setting up gpg-wks-server (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up xml-core (0.18+nmu1) ...
Setting up libpolkit-agent-1-0:amd64 (122-3) ...
Setting up gpg-wks-client (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 (1.2.6-5) ...
Setting up python3-oauthlib (3.2.2-1) ...
Setting up python3-gi (3.42.2-3+b1) ...
Setting up gnupg (2.2.40-1.1) ...
Setting up python3-lazr.restfulclient (0.14.5-1) ...
Setting up python3-software-properties (0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.14.10-1~deb12u1) ...
Processing triggers for sgml-base (1.31) ...
Setting up polkitd (122-3) ...
Creating group 'polkitd' with GID 996.
Creating user 'polkitd' (polkit) with UID 996 and GID 996.
Setting up packagekit (1.2.6-5) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/pk-debconf-helper.socket -> /usr/lib/systemd/user/pk-debconf-helper.socket.
Setting up packagekit-tools (1.2.6-5) ...
Setting up software-properties-common (0.99.30-4.1~deb12u1) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.14.10-1~deb12u1) ...
root@debian:~#
3. 添加 Docker 官方 GPG 密钥
使用下面的命令来添加 Docker 官方的 GPG 密钥：
root@debian:~# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
root@debian:~#
4. 添加 Docker 仓库
添加 Docker 官方的 APT 软件源：
root@debian:~# echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
root@debian:~#
5. 更新 APT 软件包缓存
添加仓库后，更新 APT 包索引：
sudo apt-get update
确保现在从 Docker 官方仓库安装 Docker 而不是 Debian 默认仓库：
root@debian:~# apt-cache policy docker-ce
docker-ce:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm
Version table:
5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.3.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.2.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.2.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.1.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.1.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.1.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.0.3-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.0.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:27.0.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.1.4-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.1.3-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.1.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.1.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.1.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.0.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.0.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:26.0.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:25.0.5-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:25.0.4-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:25.0.3-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:25.0.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:25.0.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:25.0.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.9-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.8-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.7-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.6-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.5-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.4-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.3-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:24.0.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.6-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.5-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.4-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.3-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.2-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.1-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
5:23.0.0-1~debian.12~bookworm 500
500 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 Packages
root@debian:~#
6. 安装 Docker
现在，可以安装 Docker：
root@debian:~# sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
docker-ce-rootless-extras git git-man iptables liberror-perl libip6tc2 libltdl7 libnetfilter-conntrack3 libnfnetlink0 libslirp0 patch pigz slirp4netns
Suggested packages:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount | cgroup-lite git-daemon-run | git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-email git-gui gitk gitweb git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn firewalld ed diffutils-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-ce docker-ce-cli docker-ce-rootless-extras docker-compose-plugin git git-man iptables liberror-perl libip6tc2 libltdl7 libnetfilter-conntrack3
libnfnetlink0 libslirp0 patch pigz slirp4netns
0 upgraded, 18 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 133 MB of archives.
After this operation, 493 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 pigz amd64 2.6-1 [64.0 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libip6tc2 amd64 1.8.9-2 [19.4 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnfnetlink0 amd64 1.0.2-2 [15.1 kB]
Ign:4 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 containerd.io amd64 1.7.24-1
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnetfilter-conntrack3 amd64 1.0.9-3 [40.7 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 iptables amd64 1.8.9-2 [360 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 liberror-perl all 0.17029-2 [29.0 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 git-man all 1:2.39.5-0+deb12u1 [2054 kB]
Get:9 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 docker-buildx-plugin amd64 0.17.1-1~debian.12~bookworm [30.3 MB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.39.5-0+deb12u1 [7256 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.7-7~deb12u1 [393 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 libslirp0 amd64 4.7.0-1 [63.0 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 patch amd64 2.7.6-7 [128 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bookworm/main amd64 slirp4netns amd64 1.2.0-1 [37.5 kB]
Get:15 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 docker-ce-cli amd64 5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm [15.0 MB]
Get:16 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm [25.6 MB]
Get:17 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 docker-ce-rootless-extras amd64 5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm [9587 kB]
Get:18 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 docker-compose-plugin amd64 2.29.7-1~debian.12~bookworm [12.7 MB]
Get:4 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm/stable amd64 containerd.io amd64 1.7.24-1 [29.5 MB]
Fetched 133 MB in 7min 46s (286 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package pigz.
(Reading database ... 36444 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-pigz_2.6-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking pigz (2.6-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package containerd.io.
Preparing to unpack .../01-containerd.io_1.7.24-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking containerd.io (1.7.24-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-buildx-plugin.
Preparing to unpack .../02-docker-buildx-plugin_0.17.1-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-buildx-plugin (0.17.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce-cli.
Preparing to unpack .../03-docker-ce-cli_5%3a27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-ce-cli (5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libip6tc2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../04-libip6tc2_1.8.9-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libip6tc2:amd64 (1.8.9-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libnfnetlink0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../05-libnfnetlink0_1.0.2-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnfnetlink0:amd64 (1.0.2-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../06-libnetfilter-conntrack3_1.0.9-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64 (1.0.9-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package iptables.
Preparing to unpack .../07-iptables_1.8.9-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking iptables (1.8.9-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
Preparing to unpack .../08-docker-ce_5%3a27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-ce (5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce-rootless-extras.
Preparing to unpack .../09-docker-ce-rootless-extras_5%3a27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-ce-rootless-extras (5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-compose-plugin.
Preparing to unpack .../10-docker-compose-plugin_2.29.7-1~debian.12~bookworm_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-compose-plugin (2.29.7-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Selecting previously unselected package liberror-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../11-liberror-perl_0.17029-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking liberror-perl (0.17029-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package git-man.
Preparing to unpack .../12-git-man_1%3a2.39.5-0+deb12u1_all.deb ...
Unpacking git-man (1:2.39.5-0+deb12u1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package git.
Preparing to unpack .../13-git_1%3a2.39.5-0+deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking git (1:2.39.5-0+deb12u1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../14-libltdl7_2.4.7-7~deb12u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.7-7~deb12u1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libslirp0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../15-libslirp0_4.7.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libslirp0:amd64 (4.7.0-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package patch.
Preparing to unpack .../16-patch_2.7.6-7_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking patch (2.7.6-7) ...
Selecting previously unselected package slirp4netns.
Preparing to unpack .../17-slirp4netns_1.2.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking slirp4netns (1.2.0-1) ...
Setting up libip6tc2:amd64 (1.8.9-2) ...
Setting up liberror-perl (0.17029-2) ...
Setting up docker-buildx-plugin (0.17.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Setting up containerd.io (1.7.24-1) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/containerd.service -> /lib/systemd/system/containerd.service.
Setting up patch (2.7.6-7) ...
Setting up docker-compose-plugin (2.29.7-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.7-7~deb12u1) ...
Setting up docker-ce-cli (5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Setting up libslirp0:amd64 (4.7.0-1) ...
Setting up pigz (2.6-1) ...
Setting up libnfnetlink0:amd64 (1.0.2-2) ...
Setting up git-man (1:2.39.5-0+deb12u1) ...
Setting up docker-ce-rootless-extras (5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Setting up slirp4netns (1.2.0-1) ...
Setting up git (1:2.39.5-0+deb12u1) ...
Setting up libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64 (1.0.9-3) ...
Setting up iptables (1.8.9-2) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy to provide /usr/sbin/iptables (iptables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/ip6tables-legacy to provide /usr/sbin/ip6tables (ip6tables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/iptables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/iptables (iptables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/ip6tables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/ip6tables (ip6tables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/arptables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/arptables (arptables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/ebtables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/ebtables (ebtables) in auto mode
Setting up docker-ce (5:27.3.1-1~debian.12~bookworm) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service -> /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket -> /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u9) ...
root@debian:~#
7. 启动并验证 Docker
root@debian:~# sudo systemctl enable docker
Synchronizing state of docker.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable docker
root@debian:~# sudo systemctl start docker
root@debian:~#
可以使用以下命令来验证 Docker 是否安装成功：
root@debian:~# sudo docker --version
Docker version 27.3.1, build ce12230
root@debian:~# docker info
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 27.3.1
Context: default
Debug Mode: false
Plugins:
buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)
Version: v0.17.1
Path: /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)
Version: v2.29.7
Path: /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose
8.设置docker仓库代理
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://docker.1panel.live/",
"https://hub.uuuadc.top",
"https://docker.anyhub.us.kg",
"https://dockerhub.jobcher.com",
"https://dockerhub.icu",
"https://docker.ckyl.me",
"https://docker.awsl9527.cn"
]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
9.拉取docker 镜像
root@debian:~# docker pull redis:6.2.12
6.2.12: Pulling from library/redis
faef57eae888: Pull complete
bb595d48e52d: Pull complete
d479b54c3bb2: Pull complete
dfca1dd212ea: Pull complete
9eea383ab9b1: Pull complete
0f7a39f02c6d: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:464b3fe3f00da5bf896cace291e7a419399cf379e98b9b486dd881f9995b72f5
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:6.2.12
docker.io/library/redis:6.2.12
root@debian:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis 6.2.12 7fbf1e7c5af7 17 months ago 127MB
root@debian:~#
10.卸载 docker
删除安装包：
sudo apt-get purge docker-ce
删除镜像、容器、配置文件等内容：
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
至此，Debian Docker 安装完成!
阅读建议
评论
匿名评论
隐私政策
你无需删除空行，直接评论以获取最佳展示效果
